Classical Mechanics
Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation: F = Gm₁m₂/r² Full Guide
Every apple that falls, every planet that orbits, and every tide that rises is governed by one deceptively simple idea.…
Classical Mechanics
Classical Mechanics
Hooke’s Law F = kx: Spring Constant, Elastic PE & 3 Worked Examples
Hookes law and springs go hand in hand, since this single equation, F = kx, explains why a spring pushes…
Classical Mechanics
Buoyancy & Archimedes’ Principle: F = ρVg Formula & Worked Examples
Drop a steel needle in water and it sinks. Drop a steel ship into the same water and it floats.…
Classical Mechanics
Centre of Gravity vs Centre of Mass: Definition & Applications
Push a pencil off the edge of a table slowly and there is a precise point at which it tips…
Classical Mechanics
Centripetal vs Centrifugal Force: What’s Real & What’s Not
Spin a bucket of water fast enough in a vertical circle and the water stays in, even upside down. Ride…
Classical Mechanics
Bernoulli’s Principle: P + ½ρv² + ρgh = constant
Bernoulli’s principle is one of the most practical ideas in all of fluid dynamics, explaining everything from why airplanes generate…
Classical Mechanics
Conservation of Energy: Law, Forms & Worked Examples
Energy is at the center of almost every physical process in the universe, and the conservation of energy is the…
Classical Mechanics
Gravitational Fields: g = GM/r², Field Lines & Orbital Speed
Understanding gravitational fields means understanding why objects fall the way they do, why satellites stay in orbit, and why the…
Classical Mechanics
Gravitational Potential Energy: GPE = mgh Formula, Derivation & Examples
Lift a book off a table, stretch a spring, or carry water up to a rooftop tank, and in each…
Classical Mechanics
Impulse & Momentum: J = FΔt = Δp Formula & Worked Examples
Impulse & momentum are two of the most important concepts in classical mechanics, and they explain everything from why airbags…