Thermodynamics
Ideal Gas Law: PV = nRT
Four quantities, one equation: how pressure, volume, temperature, and amount conspire to describe nearly every gas you meet.
Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics
Specific Heat Capacity
Why water takes so long to boil and metal heats up in a flash — one property explains how stubbornly…
Thermodynamics
Entropy Explained
Why does spilled milk never un-spill and heat never flow uphill? The answer is entropy — nature's relentless drift toward…
Thermodynamics
The Second Law of Thermodynamics
Heat flows from hot to cold, eggs never unscramble, and time has a direction — all because entropy refuses to…
Thermodynamics
Heat Transfer: Conduction, Convection and Radiation
Heat always flows from hot to cold, but it travels by three very different routes, and knowing which one is…
Thermodynamics
The Kinetic Theory of Gases
Temperature, pressure and the gas laws all emerge from one simple picture — countless tiny molecules flying about and bouncing…
Thermodynamics
The First Law of Thermodynamics
The first law is energy bookkeeping for heat and work, proving that you can never get something for nothing in…